HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a way of "marking up" a document so that it can be published on the World Wide Web. Elements in the document are tagged, so that they have a particular effect. For example, for text to be bold, or an image to be aligned next to text, etc., these elements must be tagged appropriately. Basically, HTML is the document you want to publish on the Web, with appropriate tags. Web browsers understand HTML so that your document is presented in the way you want. HTML files will have the extensions .htm or .html, depending on your operating system.
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